Public Sans – A strong, neutral typeface

(public-sans.digital.gov)

214 points | by mhb 4 hours ago

20 comments

  • sneela 4 hours ago
    As much as I appreciate the tiny serif for lowercase L and numeral 1 to differentiate l I and 1, I am not the biggest fan of the capital I glyph without the horizontal serifs. It's my biggest design gripe with most sans-serif fonts as it makes it FRUSTRATINGLY difficult to differentiate when looking at words by themselves.

    Is that lota or Iota? Is that iodestone or lodestone? Both real examples where I fumbled reading them -- once in front of a class :)

    This is why my favorite sans-serif typeface has been (and will always be) IBM Plex Sans [1]. It's an open font [2]. I have all my laptops and desktops set to using the IBM Plex typefaces, including browser overrides. If only there were a way to do it system-wide on my Android phone...

    [1]: https://www.ibm.com/plex/

    [2]: https://github.com/IBM/plex/blob/master/LICENSE.txt

    Preview: https://fonts.google.com/specimen/IBM+Plex+Sans?preview.text...

    • smurda 2 hours ago
      Marissa Mayer on why Google chose sans-serif fonts for search results:

      When I had to make a decision about should the Google results pages be serif or sans-serif, I didn't have enough users to do the split A/B testing and mathematically figure that out, so I ended up reading a lot of research and ultimately finding out that serif fonts are more readable, and sans-serif fonts are more legible.

      The serifs create a horizontal rule that guides the eye, so serif fonts are much better when you’re reading long pieces of text. Sans-serif fonts are more legible which means that... when the serifs are removed your eye can spot read a character much better and much more quickly, and as a result it is much better for spot reading. In an activity like search it turns out you want to facilitate spot reading to a much greater degree than reading long prose.

      Here's the 2006 talk: https://stvp.stanford.edu/podcasts/nine-lessons-learned-abou...

    • jstummbillig 3 hours ago
      Shoutout to Atkinson Hyperlegible Next, designed for the Braille Institut having excellent glyph differentiation ("Next" with variable weight)

      https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Atkinson+Hyperlegible+Next

      • MadameMinty 2 hours ago
        I'm extremely picky and Atkinson Hyperlegible was my favorite variable-width font. Never knew there's a "Next", so +
      • fleebee 2 hours ago
        This is what I switch to whenever a default font annoys me because of poor glyph differentiation. It's what it says on the tin.
    • smarx007 3 hours ago
      IBM Plex is very good. Recently, I have been enjoying https://rsms.me/inter/ for interfaces a bit more (with ss02 for body and ss02+tnum for tables activated).
      • homebrewer 3 hours ago
        Inter is the only libre typeface that has good coverage, and produces readable small text on terrible 80 DPI displays. I've tested probably hundreds of them.
      • deaux 2 hours ago
        Hasn't Inter been the default tech font for the last 5 years or so by virtue of being the default font in Figma? The Times New Roman of UI.
        • airstrike 2 hours ago
          I think you have it the other way around.

          It's not used because it's the default font in Figma.

          It's the fact that it's the best modern alternative to Helvetica, making it universally useful and therefore the default in Figma.

          Incidentally, I'll forever mourn that the designers didn't choose to go with a glyph for "1" that is closer to the one in Helvetica.

          • designerarvid 1 hour ago
            Inter is the default in Figma because the first designer at Figma was the guy who created it.
            • airstrike 1 hour ago
              Huh, TIL!

              I guess I can try to argue that it if it weren't as generally useful as Helvetica it wouldn't have been made the default in Figma and it wouldn't be, well, so generally used.

        • saagarjha 2 hours ago
          Oh, is that why everyone uses it? I just assumed people wanted knockoff San Francisco on purpose
      • sneela 3 hours ago
        Ah, it initially appeared that the capital I and the lowercase L have identical-looking glyphs. But scrolling down, I see the ss02 and tnum features add noticeable glyphs. Looks like a nice typeface.
      • ramoz 3 hours ago
        Inter has also become my default.
      • sdoering 3 hours ago
        Nice. Inter even has "U+1E9E" "Latin Capital Letter Sharp S" and two lower case sharp s variants as well.
        • rpastuszak 2 hours ago
          Is U+1E9E used for anything besides ALLCAPS text?
      • 101008 3 hours ago
        Inter or linter?
        • sdoering 3 hours ago
          Feature ss02 Disambiguation (one of many)

          Alternate glyph set that increases visual difference between similar-looking characters.

          • jooize 2 hours ago
            Why isn't it the default? :( I'm rarely in control of how a font is used.
    • sharno 38 minutes ago
      That's why I love the Readex Pro font. It also has glyphs for Arabic and a lot more languages in the same file, so I can use one font file for everything.
    • dingaling 2 hours ago
      Likewise the absence of a stroke through the zero. Without context, for example in a Wifi password, indistinguishable from uppercase letter O.
    • thevinter 2 hours ago
      I really enjoyed reading through [1] as it gives a lot of insight into what goes into making a font. However I wonder what incentives does IBM have for putting this much work into making it public, accessible and widely used. Wouldn't the ubiquity of the font make it less strong for their brand identity?
      • airstrike 2 hours ago
        It says "IBM" in the name so I'm actually often reminded of the company via seeing the font in the wild.

        And somehow they did seem to capture a distinctive IBM vibe when designing it, whilst still making it general enough to be used by everyone else

    • a456463 2 hours ago
      Depending on your phone manufacturer, zFont 3 has been solid for me for setting system wide fonts.

      I have Iosevka for everything I can set a custom font to.

    • cratermoon 3 hours ago
      My full list of ambiguous letters, from https://gajus.com/blog/avoiding-visually-ambiguous-character...

      - O / 0 - I / l / 1 / 7 - 5 / S - 2 / Z - 8 / B - 6 / G - 9 / q / g

      • ectospheno 1 hour ago
        I use the following:

          $ cat passgen.sh                                                           
          #!/bin/sh
          export LC_ALL=C
          printf "%.16s\n" "$(/usr/bin/openssl rand -base64 32 | /usr/bin/tr -d 'lIOSBGZ')"
        
        This way if it looks like a number then it is. I don't usually mess up q/g and u/v with my fonts but its easy enough to ban more characters.
      • Tepix 2 hours ago
        O / D can also be an issue with some fonts.
      • oneeyedpigeon 2 hours ago
        U / V

        ?

    • maigret 2 hours ago
      Plex Monospace is great for coding as well.
  • ronbenton 3 hours ago
    anything on digital.gov is at best on life support given 18F was disbanded and much of the government digital service efforts have been neglected
    • karel-3d 3 hours ago
      The fonts are open and on github
    • tootie 3 hours ago
      The Secretary of State recently decreed that sans serif fonts were woke and mandated all communications use Times New Roman.
      • faefox 2 hours ago
        God, I was so hopeful that you were joking but I guess I should know better by now.
      • nicbou 2 hours ago
        I thought it was a joke, then I checked.

        https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/dec/10/trump-times-...

        The quote is milder and the "woke" bit was added by others, but the context is essentially correct.

        In an interview, the font's creator took it as a compliment and was a good sport about it.

        • rpastuszak 2 hours ago
          I'd say “wasteful” diversity move == woke in this context, not sure if that's milder. Just another distraction thrown at us to keep us at each other's throats. (+ keeping better alignment with the carrot man's branding)

          Psychoanalysing politicians aside, serif fonts used to be considered more legible, but that doesn't hold any more that much (e.g. much of research shows that people tend to underestimate familiarity when assessing legibility).

      • theraido 1 hour ago
        History of the Schwabacher Judenletter repeats
      • stephenhuey 2 hours ago
        I doubt they got the memo.
      • dheera 2 hours ago
        Times New Roman is the worst serif font they could have picked.
        • Ethan_Barry 2 hours ago
          To be fair, it's replacing Calibri, so it's still an improvement. We should just use Garamond or Caslon for everything, but that'll never happen. :(
          • mananaysiempre 1 hour ago
            The other frontpage article on the same topic[1] makes a fairly good case that both Times and Calibri suck in this role (not least because they are default fonts and receive the social connotations of that) and notes in passing that the US Supreme Court uses Century Schoolbook, IMO a solid choice (helped also by their competent formatting) and perhaps a less artsy look than Garamond &co.

            [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46432862

          • RobotToaster 1 hour ago
            I'd go with Baskerville personally.
            • dheera 1 hour ago
              I like Crimson Pro
  • HelloUsername 3 hours ago
  • abdisalan 2 hours ago
    Looks nearly identical to Helvetica when I switch back and forth with inspector tool. Some letters are different and there’s some kerning changes but large parts look the same. at least to my untrained eye
  • GaryBluto 4 hours ago
    I must say it's very pleasant. Much better than a lot of the fonts I see on the web these days.
  • bobdvb 1 hour ago
  • layer8 3 hours ago
    What does "strong" mean here? Doesn't it contradict "neutral"?

    Anyway, the "c" and "e" are closing in too much.

    • stephenhuey 2 hours ago
      Switzerland is strong and neutral. Pardon my little joke, as I have lots of Swiss friends. I hear ya.
    • Muromec 2 hours ago
      Masculine, not-woke (asleep), but not like a sleepy Joe, like a toddler who takes a nap.
  • tracker1 2 hours ago
    Nifty... looks pretty nice.

    related: USWDS React Component Library https://github.com/trussworks/react-uswds

  • skibidithink 4 hours ago
    Are there any designers here who can explain when the differences between Public Sans and Roboto Sans and when to use one or the other?
    • danvayn 2 hours ago
      I don’t think it’s that straightforward to answer that. They’re both body fonts. Public Sans is a bit wider (as it isn’t geometric) and roboto seems a bit thicker. Besides these bits which can be worked around, they’re functionally too similar. Maybe you’d prefer to use Public Sans because it’s less condensed which works well for readability of smaller fonts that would be in a body of text. But you can just adjust a number of things to get what you’re looking for here.

      A more vague answer I can think of is that it’s preferential and doesn’t matter to most — with designers just being highly particular about preferences, in a way that isn’t really open to objective choice. One font may display slightly better but the other font pairs better with the title font. Or we’ll look for specific issues that I don’t really see in either fonts.

      • tracker1 1 hour ago
        I'd say Public Sans is definitely a bit more readable for me (some vision impairment). Was kind of hard to tell why I liked it so much first looking at it today.. I saw a comparison of it with a few other Serif fonts and it's definitely the one I like the most visually myself. Will probably switch to using it moving forward over Roboto Sans, which has been my go to for nearly a decade.
  • joduplessis 1 hour ago
    Phew, that is very close to Plex.
  • notepad0x90 1 hour ago
    Didn't they throw a fit over Calibri being "woke" or something recently? I hope this department got a clearance from the whitehouse on how woke it feels. Apparently, the previous admin worded it using terms like "inclusive" (of the visually impaired, adhd,etc..) and that was somehow "woke". I wonder if this font is a direct consequence of that.
  • joallard 4 hours ago
    Weirdly, it reminds me of Aptos, the new default font in Microsoft products.
    • maxloh 3 hours ago
      To clarify, it is the default font for office documents, not the default UI font.
  • tolerance 3 hours ago
    I want to like it but I feel like it neuters everything I like about Franklin Gothic/Libre Franklin.

    For some reason I always thought that Plus Jakarta Sans was forked from on Public Sans.

    <https://tokotype.github.io/plusjakarta-sans/>

    Which for some other reason always makes me think of the book The Jakarta Method:

    <https://www.librarything.com/work/24301785/t/The-Jakarta-Met...>

  • amelius 3 hours ago
    I must say I like Libre Franklin (which they compare it to in the github repo) better, especially the rounded vertices.
  • OhMeadhbh 4 hours ago
    Isn't this from the people who hate Calibri?
    • 1f60c 4 hours ago
      No, looks like it was started late in Obama's second term. As for the current guys, they would probably use Instrument Serif for body text if they could.
      • Muromec 2 hours ago
        I googled Instrument Serif and google fonts page is telling me something with it's choice of lorem ipsum https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Instrument+Serif
        • tracker1 1 hour ago
          I don't hate it.. it's a bit too condensed for my taste though.
        • airstrike 2 hours ago
          Oh it's the "transhumanist serif" every AI startup uses now.

          Color me... unperplexed

      • drivers99 3 hours ago
        Went down a short rabbit hole from this comment and they actually are using a condensed serif font like that on www.whitehouse.gov titles at the moment.
    • hlieberman 4 hours ago
      No, this was a project by 18F and the U.S. Web Design group that debued several years back.
    • GaryBluto 4 hours ago
      This predates the Calibri-Times debacle by quite a few years.
    • bbx 2 hours ago
      Funnily enough, if you Google "Calibri", the page itself is in Calibri. I've never seen that happen for any other font.
      • latchup 2 hours ago
        It also works for Open Sans, on my Linux system at least. Probably only works for fonts that are installed and/or can be licensed for this.
      • sollewitt 1 hour ago
        It’s an Easter egg, also for Times New Roman and a few others.
      • Ethan_Barry 1 hour ago
        Try Garamond!
      • RobotToaster 1 hour ago
        Works for comic sans.
    • Mountain_Skies 3 hours ago
      That's just the State Department. The federal government is a huge amalgamation of agencies, each with its own set of goals, responsibilities, and quirks. Even down at the local level, I've had a hard time getting the county and the city to agree on who owns the storm drain where the neighborhood connects to the highway.
      • PTOB 2 hours ago
        As a utility designer in my day job who frequents HN for real fun, this comment hits hard.
  • gorfian_robot 3 hours ago
    [flagged]
    • treetalker 3 hours ago
      It was Marco Rubio, and his ukase was limited to Department of State documents.

      We can, at least, thank our stars that Rubio doesn't presume to lord over the entire government as his master presumes to lord over everything else.

  • ZoomZoomZoom 2 hours ago
    Another generic limited font that isn't solving anything.

    No Arabic, Cyrillic, Hebrew, not even Greek letters (poor frats and physicists). I understand it's a product of the US government, but don't they have international relations requiring using characters other than Latin? It's not even a recent font, so you'd think inclusivity was important. So much for the cultural pluralism.

    And a site without a character table, which means I had to download the font to check if it's of any use.

    Not a great job.

    • jeffpersonified 2 hours ago
      Looking forward to the National Design Studio getting it's arms around this
  • paulvnickerson 2 hours ago
    why is the federal government using tax dollars to develop fonts?
    • 6SixTy 1 hour ago
      $1M to the US Government is like dropping pennies, less than that actually. By the READMEs, this font is actually a modification to another font and more sleuthing revealed that the author actually worked on this in his spare time.
    • recursive 1 hour ago
      That's where most of their budget comes from I think.
    • e2le 1 hour ago
      Is this a problem?
  • qoez 2 hours ago
    No way fonts isn't a solved problem by now.
    • tracker1 1 hour ago
      There are a lot of very strong opinions on relatively minor variances. I really like this font, but apparently it isn't nearly as complete as some alternatives.

      I've tended towards fonts that I just find readable at the relatively small sizes most sites tend to use. I like Roboto a lot, I like this slightly more... I'm not as big on the Libre Franklin it's also being compared to. It's really personal and some people care more or less than others depending on their needs, and even visibility concerns.

    • pclark 2 hours ago
      This is like saying design is a solved problem.
      • recursive 2 hours ago
        Is it not? Designers keep designing but everyone says they prefer Windows XP.
      • drob518 2 hours ago
        Worse. It’s like saying ART is a solved problem.